青島希尼爾翻譯公司（www.googlemapbuilder.com）整理發(fā)布2018-07-30

希尼爾翻譯公司（www.googlemapbuilder.com）2018年7月30日了解到：President Trump’s confrontation with China is beginning to ripple through American academic and research institutions, as a crackdown on visas for certain Chinese citizens has left the higher education community wondering how it will adapt to the administration’s effort to stop intellectual property theft.

特朗普總統(tǒng)與中國(guó)的對(duì)峙已開始波及美國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)和研究機(jī)構(gòu)，政府限制某些中國(guó)公民簽證的做法，讓高等教育界不知該如何適應(yīng)政府阻止知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)盜竊的行動(dòng)。

Educators and academic groups fear that the additional scrutiny could hinder scientific innovation, alienate talented applicants or intensify aggressions toward Chinese scientists already in the country.

教育工作者和學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體擔(dān)心，更多的審查可能會(huì)阻礙科學(xué)創(chuàng)新，讓有才華的申請(qǐng)者怯步，或加劇對(duì)已在美國(guó)的華裔科學(xué)家的打擊。

Academics are already wrestling with the increased attention. At an aerospace conference in Georgia last month, Ella Atkins, a University of Michigan professor, recalled a colleague approaching her with a dilemma.

更多的關(guān)注已經(jīng)讓學(xué)者們疲于應(yīng)對(duì)。上個(gè)月，在佐治亞州的一次航空航天會(huì)議上，密歇根大學(xué)(University of Michigan)教授埃拉.阿特金斯(Ella Atkins)回憶起一位同事就一個(gè)兩難問題向她征求意見的事情。

The colleague, an assistant professor at another university, had recently led and submitted a research proposal for a federal grant. But he worried that because he was Chinese, the judges would be biased against his team.

那位同事是另一所大學(xué)的助理教授，最近帶領(lǐng)一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)向聯(lián)邦政府提交了一份項(xiàng)目資助申請(qǐng)。但他擔(dān)心評(píng)審者會(huì)對(duì)他的團(tuán)隊(duì)有偏見，因?yàn)樗侨A人。

“He said, ‘I need to figure out how to take myself off as the P.I., the principal investigator, if that’s going to compromise our project’s chances of being accepted,’” Ms. Atkins said, declining to name the academic for fear of jeopardizing his proposal. The professor, she added, was even considering withdrawing from the project completely to avoid holding back his co-researchers.

“他說，‘我需要想個(gè)辦法不當(dāng)項(xiàng)目的主要研究者，如果那會(huì)降低我們的項(xiàng)目獲得資助的機(jī)會(huì)的話，’”阿特金斯說，由于擔(dān)心損害他的項(xiàng)目申請(qǐng)，她拒絕透露該學(xué)者的姓名。她補(bǔ)充說，那位教授甚至考慮徹底退出項(xiàng)目，以避免妨礙他的研究合作者。

It is a sentiment that some, such as Representative Judy Chu, Democrat of California, believe underscores a tone of racism behind the policy change. The restrictions, she said, equate to targeting “an entire ethnic group of people for suspicion that they’re spies for China.”

一些人認(rèn)為，這個(gè)政策變化顯露的情緒突顯了其背后的種族主義色彩。比如，加州民主黨眾議員趙美心(Judy Chu)說，這些限制等同于把目標(biāo)指向“一整個(gè)族群的人，懷疑他們都是中國(guó)間諜”。

“I think we should take specific security threats seriously, but each of those threats should be identified by the threat, not by racial groups,” said Ms. Chu, the chairwoman of the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus.

“我認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對(duì)待具體的安全威脅，但每個(gè)威脅的判定應(yīng)該以威脅本身為依據(jù)，而不是以種族群體為依據(jù)，”趙美心說。她是國(guó)會(huì)亞太裔美國(guó)人黨團(tuán)(Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus)主席。

Since June 11, the State Department has been restricting visas for Chinese graduate students studying in sensitive research fields to one year, with the chance to reapply every year. The move rolls back an Obama-era policy that allowed Chinese citizens to secure five-year student visas.

自6月11日起，美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院已把在敏感研究領(lǐng)域?qū)W習(xí)的中國(guó)研究生的簽證有效期限制為一年，這些學(xué)生每年有機(jī)會(huì)重新申請(qǐng)簽證。此舉推翻了奧巴馬時(shí)代允許中國(guó)公民獲得五年學(xué)生簽證的政策。

Le Fang, a Ph.D. student from China studying computer science at the University at Buffalo, locked up a five-year F-1 visa in 2015. But the new policy could hurt his friends whose visas recently expired, he said. They may have to fly back to China to get new visas, and they risk denials partway through their academic career.

在布法羅大學(xué)(University at Buffalo)攻讀計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的中國(guó)博士生方樂（音）已在2015年拿到了為期五年的F1簽證。但他說，新政策可能會(huì)讓他的朋友們?cè)庋?，他們的簽證最近到期了。他們可能不得不飛回中國(guó)去申請(qǐng)新簽證，在自己的學(xué)業(yè)未完成時(shí)面臨被拒簽的危險(xiǎn)。
來源:紐約時(shí)報(bào)